Magnetism and it Uses

Elmer Melendez Maisonet 

Today magnetism is a very important resource; it could be an alternative to help in the Global Warming crisis. Electric and hybrid motors could be an excellent alternative. Magnetism is a property of materials that act in response to an applied magnetic field. A magnetic field is caused by an electric current but it can’t be seen, it is an invisible physical phenomen. A magnetic field is determined by the force produced on a loaded particle moving through a magnetic dipole such as a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetism caused permanent magnets to have a determined magnetic field. However, they are two different types of magnetism. Paramagnetism is attracted to a magnet field. While diamagnetism is driven off by a magnetic field. Other magnetisms have a more complicate relationship when applied to a magnetic field. Non magnetic substances are substances that are not affected by magnetic fields. Some non magnetic substances are copper, aluminum, gases, and plastic. Some material exhibit magnetic properties depending on the state they are. Pure oxygen is a good example; it exhibits magnetic properties when cooled to a liquid state. However, the magnetic property not only depends on the material’s state, it also depends on the temperature. A material may exhibit more than one form of magnetism depending on its temperature or pressure.

An electric motor is all about magnets and magnetism. A motor uses magnets to create motion. As proved, opposites attract and likes repulse. If two magnets have their ends marked north and south, as consequence the north will attract the south. In the inside of an electric motor, the attracting and repelling action will create a rotational motion. An electric motor consists of three main parts: the armature, the brush and the commutator. The armature is composed of rectangular coil made of copper wire wounded on an iron center. Coil is attached to on an axle and then placed between a magnet’s poles. To reverse and ensure the direction of the flow current a commutator is needed. A commutator consists of a copper ring divided in two parts. The divided parts are isolated from each other and placed in the motor’s axle. The ends of the coil must be soldered both rings. They move along with the coil. The commutator rings have to be connected to a battery but the wires from the battery are not directly connected to the rings. They are connected to the brushes. The brushes are strips made of carbon that push against the split rings. Both rings rotate in between the brushes. All carbon brushes are connected to an electric source. Finally, a magnetic field is generated around the armature when the coil is powered. The mechanical work is seen when the left side of the armature is pushed away from the left magnet, drawn towards the right and causing it to rotate. This motor as everything had it pros and cons. But it has more pros that cons. The pros of this motor are that it helps the environment, less expensive because you do not have to spend money in gas and it is easier to repair. And finally the cons are that it has a limited time of use because you need to charge it and that it is very silent and a blind person might not hear the motor and it could cause an accident.