Physicians’ Collaboration in Modern Technology
Frances T. Perez Diaz
I recently got an iPhone, and I wondered how such small device could do so much. It inspired me to look for related information. While in the search I found many interesting novelties and the people to whom we owe such great inventions. Recently the two scientists whose work made possible the development of powerful technology were rewarded with the Physics’ Nobel Prize.
Albert Fert, Frenchman, and Peter Grünberg, German, who were honored together with this prize for the creation of technology capable of reading data from hard disks, have focused their research critically on shrinking data storage systems. If no dedication like the one of these two scientists, MP3 players nor laptops with gigabyte memories could not exist. Borje Johansson, member of Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences, which awards the prize, said: “The MP3 player and iPod industry would not have existed without this discovery.”
Each physicist independently discovered the physical effect of magneto resistance (GMR) in 1988. In a GMR system, very weak changes in magnetism generate much larger changes in electrical resistance. This creates the perfect effect for designing digital memory systems and for making miniature hard disks. The information recorded is encoded in microscopically small magnetized areas, which are registered by a readout head and translated into electric current. Later, changes in electric current make up the 1 and 0 of digital data.
The first GMR readout head was emitted in 1997 and ever since the technology has become standard. The Nobel citation described the discovery as “one of the first real applications of the promising field of nanotechnology”. It added: “Applications of this phenomenon have revolutionized techniques for retrieving data from hard disks. The discovery also plays a major role in various magnetic sensors as well as for the development of a new generation of electronics.”
British physicists have said the award was splendidly deserved, and that GMR was among the most obvious and life-transforming daily applications of basic research in the physical sciences. Ben Murdin, Professor of Physics at the University of Surrey, said: “A computer hard disk reader that uses a GMR sensor is equivalent to a jet flying at a speed of 30,000 kilometers per hour — roughly once round the globe in a single hour — at a height of just one meter above the ground, and yet being able to see and catalogue every single blade of grass it passes over.” Professor Jim Al-Khalili, of the University of Surrey, said: “It’s no good having hard drives that can store gigabytes of information if we can’t access it.
The technology that has appeared thanks to GMR has permitted hard disk sensors to read and write much more data, allowing for bigger memory, cheaper and more reliable computers. GMR is one of those wonderful phenomena from the weird world of quantum physics that has been put to use very rapidly. It involves very thin layers of different magnetic materials and the way they allow tiny electric currents to pass through them.”
Dr Grünberg said: “The development of computers showed in the last years that this was an important contribution.” Dr Fert said of his award: “This is a surprise for me but I knew that it was possible. I knew I was among the many candidates.”
In conclusion the discovery of the GMR, which stands for giant magneto-resistance, has revolutionized the life style of people living in this époque. The technologies developed from these findings have lead to the standardization of communication methods. Vivid examples, that are very common to see on almost everyone’s home, are laptops, MP3 players and more specific the iPhone and iPod I posses. The invention has left astounded scientists and physicists which have done nothing but worship this great innovation. Now it has been showed that it is not correct to give all the credit to the people who composed the iPhone, but also to physicists because without the product of their research this technology wouldn’t have revolutionized the world in every sense of the word.
References
Henderson,Mark. Nobel Prize to men who made iPod possible. Times Online. http://www.times online.co.uk/tol/news/science/article2622998.ece
GMR is a fascinating topic, and deserves discussion. Development of nanotechnology like this expands by research done with data density for precise definition of electron, wave, and energy field topologies. That all depends on the atomic structural function. Recent advancements in quantum science have produced the picoyoctometric, 3D, interactive video atomic model imaging function, in terms of chronons and spacons for exact, quantized, relativistic animation. This format returns clear numerical data for a full spectrum of variables. The atom's RQT (relative quantum topological) data point imaging function is built by combination of the relativistic Einstein-Lorenz transform functions for time, mass, and energy with the workon quantized electromagnetic wave equations for frequency and wavelength.
ReplyDeleteThe atom labeled psi (Z) pulsates at the frequency {Nhu=e/h} by cycles of {e=m(c^2)} transformation of nuclear surface mass to forcons with joule values, followed by nuclear force absorption. This radiation process is limited only by spacetime boundaries of {Gravity-Time}, where gravity is the force binding space to psi, forming the GT integral atomic wavefunction. The expression is defined as the series expansion differential of nuclear output rates with quantum symmetry numbers assigned along the progression to give topology to the solutions.
Next, the correlation function for the manifold of internal heat capacity energy particle 3D functions is extracted by rearranging the total internal momentum function to the photon gain rule and integrating it for GT limits. This produces a series of 26 topological waveparticle functions of the five classes; {+Positron, Workon, Thermon, -Electromagneton, Magnemedon}, each the 3D data image of a type of energy intermedon of the 5/2 kT J internal energy cloud, accounting for all of them.
Those 26 energy data values intersect the sizes of the fundamental physical constants: h, h-bar, delta, nuclear magneton, beta magneton, k (series). They quantize atomic dynamics by acting as fulcrum particles. The result is the exact picoyoctometric, 3D, interactive video atomic model data point imaging function, responsive to keyboard input of virtual photon gain events by relativistic, quantized shifts of electron, force, and energy field states and positions.
Images of the h-bar magnetic energy waveparticle of ~175 picoyoctometers are available online at http://www.symmecon.com with the complete RQT atomic modeling manual titled The Crystalon Door, copyright TXu1-266-788. TCD conforms to the unopposed motion of disclosure in U.S. District (NM) Court of 04/02/2001 titled The Solution to the Equation of Schrodinger.